Research Article | | Peer-Reviewed

Assessment of Health Seeking Behaviour of the Elderly in a Rural Community of Sokoto State, Nigeria

Received: 12 October 2023    Accepted: 30 October 2023    Published: 20 February 2024
Views:       Downloads:
Abstract

Introduction: The ageing populations of Nigeria has increased from 4.61% in 2020 to 4.78 % in 2022 and are vulnerable to long term diseases of insidious onset such as cardiovascular illness, Cerebrovascular accident (CVA), cancers, diabetes, and musculoskeletal disease. This study was carried out to assess the health problems of the elderly ad their health seeking behaviours. Materials and methods: This was cross-sectional descriptive study carried out amongst elderly persons aged 60 years and above in Wamakko Local Government Area of Sokoto state. Using a combination of multistage and systematic sampling methods, a total of 347 respondents were recruited into the study. A set of pretested questionnaire was used for data collection after obtaining ethical approval and informed consent from study subjects. Results: Less than half of the respondents (47.8%) had appropriate health seeking practices by visiting health facilities during spells of illness. The commonest illness experienced by the elderly in this community was musculoskeletal diseases followed by hypertension and visual problems. A total of 95.7% of the respondents were not covered with any form of health insurance scheme. Predictors of health seeking behavior included duration of illness more than ten years and belonging to upper socio-economic class. Conclusion: Very few of the elderly in this community had appropriate health seeking behavior with most of them not covered by any health insurance. There is the need to establish the community based health insurance scheme and bring on board all elderly persons so as to minimize out of pocket expenses by the aged.

Published in Central African Journal of Public Health (Volume 10, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.cajph.20241001.15
Page(s) 30-41
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Health Seeking Behavior, Elderly People, Health Care Utilization, Morbidity, Sokoto

References
[1] United Nations. World Population Prospects; The 2015 Revisions. New York; 2015.
[2] National Population Commission (NPC) [Nigeria] and ICF, 2019. Nigerian Demographic and Health Survey 2018. Abuja, Nigeria, and Rockville, Maryland, USA: NPC and ICF.
[3] Mba KC., Halvorsen CJ, Okoye UO. Aging in Nigeria: A Growing Population of Older Adults Requires the implementation of National Aging Policies. Gerontologist, 2022; 62(9): 1243-1250.
[4] United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs Population Divi¬sion. World population prospects: The 2012 revision. New York; 2013.
[5] United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs Population Divi¬sion. Sub-Saharan Africa’s growing population of older persons. New York City; 2016.
[6] Adikhari, D., & Rijal, D. P. Factors affecting healthseeking behaviour of senior citizens of Dharan. Journal of Nobel Medical College. 2014; 3(5): 50-57.
[7] Kamble SV, Ghodke YD, Dhumale GB, Avchat SS, Goyal RC. Health status of elderly persons in rural area of India. Indian Med Gaz. 2012: 295–9.
[8] Elliott J, Stolee P, Boscart V, Giangregorio L, Heckman G. Coordinating care for older adults in primary care settings: understanding the current context. BMC Fam Pract. (2018) 19: 137. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-018-0821-7
[9] Wachs D, Roman-Urrestarazu A, Brayne C, Onrubia-Fernández J. Dependency ratios in healthy ageing. BMJ Glob Health. 2020 Apr 20; 5(4): e002117. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2019-002117
[10] Nations U. Current Status of the Social Situation, Well-Being, Participation in Development and Rights of Older Persons Worldwide. New York; 2011.
[11] Tan MP. Healthcare for older people in lower and middle income countries. Age Ageing. 2022; 51: 1–4.
[12] Agyemang-Duah W, Peprah C, Arthur-Holmes F. Prevalence and patterns of health care use among poor older people under the livelihood empower¬ment against poverty program in the Atwima Nwabiagya district of Ghana. Gerontol Geriatr Med. 2019; 5: 1–13.
[13] Awoke MA, Negin J, Moller J, Farell P, Yawson AE, Biritwum RB et al. Predictors of public and private healthcare utilization and associated health system responsiveness among older adults in Ghana. Glob Health Action 2017; 10(1).
[14] Agyemang-Duah W, Arthur-Holmes F, Peprah C, Adei D, Peprah P. Dynamics of health information-seeking behaviour among older adults with very low incomes in Ghana: a qualitative study. BMC Public Health. 2020; 20: 1–13.
[15] Brandão D, Paúl C, Ribeiro O. Health care utilization in very advanced ages: a study on predisposing, enabling and need factors. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2022; 98(104561.
[16] Saeed BII, Yawson AE, Nguah S, Agyei-Baffour P, Emmanuel N, Ayesu E. Effect of socio-economic factors in utilization of different healthcare services among older adult men and women in Ghana. BMC Health Serv Res. 2016; 16 (390).
[17] de Bruijn J. Global age watch index 2015, London, 2015, ch 8 Western Europe, North America and Australasia. Global Age Watch Index. 2015.
[18] Bana S, Yakoob J, Jivany N, Faisal A, Jawed H, Awan S. Understanding health seeking behavior of health care professionals in tertiary care hospitals in Pakistan. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad. 2016; 28(3): 545–9.
[19] Hamiduzzaman M., De Bellis A., Wendy A., Kalaitzidis E and Harrington A. The World is not Mine –Barriers to heaklthcare Access for Banglashi rural Elderly women. Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology. 2021; 36(1): 69.
[20] Bhat S, Kumar S. Study on health care seeking behaviour among elderly in rural area. Int J Med Sci Public Health 2017; 6: 350-352.
[21] Sulakshana S Baliga et al. Treatment-seeking behaviour and health care expenditure incurred for hypertension among elderly in urban slums of Belgaum City. National Journal of Community Medicine. 2013; 4(2): 227-230.
[22] Anjali R, Aarti K. Living conditions of Elderly in India: An overview based on nationwide data. Ind Jr of Geront. 2006; 20: 250-63.
[23] Lama T, Baskota S, Gurung M, Poudel L, Bhandari N, Lama SD. Health Seeking behaviour among elderly in Nason Rural Municipal, Manang. Journal of General Practice and Emergency Medicine of Napal. 2020; 7(9): 1-5.
[24] Feyisa BB, Deyaso SF, Tefera GM. Self-Reported Morbidity and Health-Seeking Behavior and its Predictors Among a Geriatric Population in Western Ethiopia: Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Gen Med. 2020 Dec 7; 13: 1381-1393. doi: 10.2147/IJGM.S283906.
[25] Baral R, Sapkota P. Health seeking behaviour among elderly people of bharatpur municipality of Chitwan, Nepal. J Coll Med Sci. 2018; 14(3): 150–153. https://doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v14i3.21178
[26] Gupta E, Thakur A, Dixit S. Morbidity pattern and health seeking behavior of the geriatric population in a rural area of district Faridabad, Haryana: a cross-sectional study. Int J Commun Med Public Health. 2019; 16: 3.
[27] Sharma D, Mazta SR, Parashar A. Morbidity pattern and health-seeking behavior of aged population residing in Shimla hills of north India: a cross-sectional study. J Fam Med Prim Care. 2013; 2(2): 188. https://doi.org/10.4103/2249-4863.117421
[28] Girma F, Jira C, Girma B (2011) Health service utilization and associated factors in Jimma zone, southwest Ethiopia. Ethiop J Health Sci. 2011; 21(1): 85-94.
[29] Abdulraheem IS (2007) Health Needs Assessment and Determinants of Health-Seeking Behaviour among Elderly Nigerians. Ann Afr Med 6: 58-63.
[30] Braimah JA., Agyemang-Duah W., Amoak D., Sano Y., Antabe R and Dassah E. Healthcare seeking behaviour during illness among older adults in Ghana: does food security status matter? BMC Geriatrics (2023) 23: 327. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-023-04023-9
[31] Atchessi N, Ridde V, Abimbola S, Zunzunegui M-V. Factors associated with the healthcare seeking behaviour of older people in Nigeria. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2018; 79: 1–7.
[32] Falaha T, Worku A, Meskele M, Facha W. Health care seeking behaviour of elderly people in rural part of Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia. Heal Sci J. 2016; 10(4).
[33] Ononokpono DN., Peters NI. and Usoro NA. Determinants of Health Care Utilization among Retirees in Rural Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. The Nigerian Journal of Sociology and Anthropology, 2020: 18(1). ISSN: 0331-4111.
[34] Okumagba PO. Choice of Healthcare service utilization of the elderly in Delta State of Nigeria. J Sociology Soc Anth; 2011, 2(2): 131-138.
[35] Shukla M, Ahmad S, Brajesh Anand P, Ranjan R. Study on health care behaviour among elderly in a rural area of eastern Utter Pradesh. National Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Developement. 2017; 2(2): 15.
[36] Amente T, Kebede B. Determinants of health service utilization among older adults in Bedele Town, illubabor zone, Ethiopia. J Diabetes Metab. 2016; 7(11): 1–7. https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6156
[37] Waweru L, Kabiru E, Mbithi J, Some E. Health status and health seeking behaviour of the elderly persons in Dagoretti division, Nairobi. East Afr Med J. 2003; 80(2): 63–67.
[38] Bhatia SPS, Swami H M, Thakur J S, Bhatia V. A study of the health problem & loneliness among elderly in Chandigarh. 2007; 32(4): 255-58.
[39] Moe S., Tha K., Naing DKS., Htike MMT. Health Seeking Behaviour of Elderly in Myanmar. International Journal of Collaborative Research on Internal Medicine & Public Health2020; 4(8): 1538.
[40] Frontera WR. Physiologic changes of the musculoskeletal system with aging: a brief review. Phys Med Rehabilitation Clin. 2017; 28(4): 705–711.
[41] Atnafu DD, Tilahun H, Alemu YM. Community-based health insurance and healthcare service utilisation, North-West, Ethiopia: a comparative, cross-sectional study. BMJ Open. 2018; 8(8): e019613. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019613
[42] Demissie B, Negeri KG. Effect of community-based health insurance on utilization of outpatient health care services in Southern Ethiopia: a comparative cross-sectional study. Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2020; 13: 141. https://doi.org/10.2147/RMHP.S215836
[43] Zyaambo C, Siziya S, Fylkesnes K. Health status and socio-economic factors associated with health facility utilization in rural and urban areas in Zambia. BMC Health Serv Res 2012; 12: 389.
[44] Agrawal G, Keshri K. Morbidity pattern and health care seeking behaviour among older widows in India. PLoS ONE 2014; 9: e94295.
[45] Nelson OC, Margaret IU. Determinants of Health Services Utilization among the Elderly in Calabar Municipality; Cross River State, Nigeria. Eur J Prev Med 2015; 3: 129-136.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Oche, O. M., Ezenwoko, A. Z., Danmadami, A. M., Ahmadu, N. S., Salihu, A., et al. (2024). Assessment of Health Seeking Behaviour of the Elderly in a Rural Community of Sokoto State, Nigeria. Central African Journal of Public Health, 10(1), 30-41. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20241001.15

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Oche, O. M.; Ezenwoko, A. Z.; Danmadami, A. M.; Ahmadu, N. S.; Salihu, A., et al. Assessment of Health Seeking Behaviour of the Elderly in a Rural Community of Sokoto State, Nigeria. Cent. Afr. J. Public Health 2024, 10(1), 30-41. doi: 10.11648/j.cajph.20241001.15

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Oche OM, Ezenwoko AZ, Danmadami AM, Ahmadu NS, Salihu A, et al. Assessment of Health Seeking Behaviour of the Elderly in a Rural Community of Sokoto State, Nigeria. Cent Afr J Public Health. 2024;10(1):30-41. doi: 10.11648/j.cajph.20241001.15

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.cajph.20241001.15,
      author = {Oche Mansur Oche and Ahunna Zainab Ezenwoko and Abdulaziz Mohammad Danmadami and Nafisa Shuaibu Ahmadu and Abdulwahab Salihu and Usman Muhammad},
      title = {Assessment of Health Seeking Behaviour of the Elderly in a Rural Community of Sokoto State, Nigeria},
      journal = {Central African Journal of Public Health},
      volume = {10},
      number = {1},
      pages = {30-41},
      doi = {10.11648/j.cajph.20241001.15},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20241001.15},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.cajph.20241001.15},
      abstract = {Introduction: The ageing populations of Nigeria has increased from 4.61% in 2020 to 4.78 % in 2022 and are vulnerable to long term diseases of insidious onset such as cardiovascular illness, Cerebrovascular accident (CVA), cancers, diabetes, and musculoskeletal disease. This study was carried out to assess the health problems of the elderly ad their health seeking behaviours. Materials and methods: This was cross-sectional descriptive study carried out amongst elderly persons aged 60 years and above in Wamakko Local Government Area of Sokoto state. Using a combination of multistage and systematic sampling methods, a total of 347 respondents were recruited into the study. A set of pretested questionnaire was used for data collection after obtaining ethical approval and informed consent from study subjects. Results: Less than half of the respondents (47.8%) had appropriate health seeking practices by visiting health facilities during spells of illness. The commonest illness experienced by the elderly in this community was musculoskeletal diseases followed by hypertension and visual problems. A total of 95.7% of the respondents were not covered with any form of health insurance scheme. Predictors of health seeking behavior included duration of illness more than ten years and belonging to upper socio-economic class. Conclusion: Very few of the elderly in this community had appropriate health seeking behavior with most of them not covered by any health insurance. There is the need to establish the community based health insurance scheme and bring on board all elderly persons so as to minimize out of pocket expenses by the aged.
    },
     year = {2024}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Assessment of Health Seeking Behaviour of the Elderly in a Rural Community of Sokoto State, Nigeria
    AU  - Oche Mansur Oche
    AU  - Ahunna Zainab Ezenwoko
    AU  - Abdulaziz Mohammad Danmadami
    AU  - Nafisa Shuaibu Ahmadu
    AU  - Abdulwahab Salihu
    AU  - Usman Muhammad
    Y1  - 2024/02/20
    PY  - 2024
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20241001.15
    DO  - 10.11648/j.cajph.20241001.15
    T2  - Central African Journal of Public Health
    JF  - Central African Journal of Public Health
    JO  - Central African Journal of Public Health
    SP  - 30
    EP  - 41
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2575-5781
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cajph.20241001.15
    AB  - Introduction: The ageing populations of Nigeria has increased from 4.61% in 2020 to 4.78 % in 2022 and are vulnerable to long term diseases of insidious onset such as cardiovascular illness, Cerebrovascular accident (CVA), cancers, diabetes, and musculoskeletal disease. This study was carried out to assess the health problems of the elderly ad their health seeking behaviours. Materials and methods: This was cross-sectional descriptive study carried out amongst elderly persons aged 60 years and above in Wamakko Local Government Area of Sokoto state. Using a combination of multistage and systematic sampling methods, a total of 347 respondents were recruited into the study. A set of pretested questionnaire was used for data collection after obtaining ethical approval and informed consent from study subjects. Results: Less than half of the respondents (47.8%) had appropriate health seeking practices by visiting health facilities during spells of illness. The commonest illness experienced by the elderly in this community was musculoskeletal diseases followed by hypertension and visual problems. A total of 95.7% of the respondents were not covered with any form of health insurance scheme. Predictors of health seeking behavior included duration of illness more than ten years and belonging to upper socio-economic class. Conclusion: Very few of the elderly in this community had appropriate health seeking behavior with most of them not covered by any health insurance. There is the need to establish the community based health insurance scheme and bring on board all elderly persons so as to minimize out of pocket expenses by the aged.
    
    VL  - 10
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

Author Information
  • Department of Community Health, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria; Department of Community Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria

  • Department of Community Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria

  • Department of Community Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria

  • Department of Community Health, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria

  • Department of Community Health, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria

  • Department of Community Health, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria

  • Sections